Pine Labs запускает протокол агентских платежей с использованием мандата UPI

Pine Labs has launched the Pine Labs Payment Protocol (P3P), a system built on the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) that enables Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents to execute autonomous, event-triggered payments. By utilizing existing UPI mandate frameworks, the protocol allows software agents to complete transactions based on predefined user triggers without requiring real-time manual approval for every instance.

What Changed

The P3P protocol integrates three core technical components to facilitate machine-to-machine payments:

1. UPI Mandate Frameworks: The protocol utilizes the Single Block Multiple Debit (SBMD) system—branded by Pine Labs as UPI ReservePay—and the One Time Mandate (OTM) system. These allow users to set standing instructions that pre-approve payments up to a fixed limit.
2. Grantex Identity Layer: A specialized layer designed to verify the authenticity of AI agents, enforce user-defined spending limits, and maintain a comprehensive transaction record for user review.
3. HTTP 402 Standard: The protocol adopts the Hypertext Transfer Protocol 402 open web standard, allowing any AI agent on any platform to interact with the payment system in a machine-readable way.

Who Is Affected

• Digital Savings Platforms: Companies like Gullak are already utilizing the protocol to automate gold purchases based on price triggers.
• Retailers: Large chains, such as Vijay Sales, are testing the protocol via proofs-of-concept to enable automated purchasing when products hit target prices.
• AI Developers: The use of the HTTP 402 standard allows third-party developers to integrate agentic payment capabilities into their AI assistants.

Operational Impact and Regulatory Considerations

The shift toward autonomous payments introduces several critical considerations regarding current regulatory frameworks:

• Mandate Purpose: While UPI mandates were originally designed for recurring, scheduled payments (such as SIPs or EMIs), P3P extends this to one-off, event-triggered purchases, raising questions about the intended scope of NPCI-approved mandate frameworks.
• Authentication (AFA): Under the RBI's Digital Payments E-Mandate Framework, 2026, transactions above Rs 15,000 typically require Additional Factor of Authentication (AFA). The protocol's ability to handle high-value, agent-initiated payments without human intervention remains a key area for regulatory clarity.
• Liability: The industry has yet to establish a standardized framework for commercial liability when an AI agent executes an incorrect or unauthorized transaction.

Compliance teams and fintech operators should monitor upcoming NPCI and RBI guidance regarding the use of UPI mandates for non-recurring, autonomous AI-driven transactions.

Source: Pine Labs launches agentic payments protocol, raising questions on UPI rules, liability and privacy
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